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As China's industrial development continues to accelerate, the number of construction projects keeps increasing, and the demand for factory construction will also grow. How to improve the quality of industrial factory construction and ensure the safety of factory use is a question every relevant worker needs to consider carefully. Steel structure factories have many advantages, and their replacement of concrete factories is a result of continuous changes in industrial development and market demand. Regardless of the construction purpose and usage requirements, factory stability and safety must be guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to delve into the problems existing in the design and construction of steel structure factories and propose targeted solutions.

1. Design Issues

1) Thermal Insulation, Heat Insulation, and Fire Protection Design

In the construction of industrial factories, thermal insulation, heat insulation, and fire protection design are key, because steel structures have good thermal conductivity, and industrial factories involve more temperature-related issues during use. Without the support of insulation and heat-insulating materials, factory safety is difficult to guarantee. Furthermore, on this basis, any instance of non-compliance could potentially lead to a fire incident. To better prevent safety accidents, it is necessary to wrap/coat materials with good fire resistance on the exterior of the factory. If the factory occupies a large area, proper design of temperature expansion joints is needed to prevent deformation of the factory.

2) Facade Design

When using light steel materials for facade design, factors such as color, lines, and scale must be fully considered. Generally speaking, it is more reasonable to use cool-toned materials instead of brightly colored ones. This not only enhances the three-dimensional sense of the factory but also increases its imposing appearance, making the factory more aesthetically pleasing and grand.

3) Roof Bracing and Roofing Design

Industrial factories typically have large-span characteristics. Therefore, when designing roof and rooftop supports, the impact of insufficient height and width needs to be considered to meet the usage requirements of the roof and rooftop supports as much as possible. To reduce the negative impact of continuous rainfall, high-performance waterproofing facilities need to be installed, and a single-slope roof length design method can be adopted. Commonly used roof support systems at this stage opt for composite flexible steel or double-layer color profiled steel.

2. Construction Issues

Although the purpose of industrial factories is relatively singular, there are significant differences in the internal equipment and spatial structure of different factories. Therefore, construction requirements are relatively high, especially for the construction of large-scale industrial factories. Based on practical construction experience, hoisting and stacking are two relatively important aspects.

1) Hoisting Issues

In the construction of steel structure industrial factories, different types of large-volume components are usually involved. To ensure smooth construction progress, a method of assembling first and then erecting is often adopted, i.e., small components are spliced together first, followed by integral hoisting. During hoisting, ensuring the stability of the steel beams is very important. Problems in any link could lead to components scattering during the overall hoisting process, resulting in casualties and property damage. On the other hand, component splicing requires precise dimensional control. If dimensional problems are only discovered after the overall hoisting, it will inevitably lead to rework, wasting a significant amount of time and increasing construction costs. When hoisting, installation should start from the cross-bracing bay between columns. For the bottom of crane beams with large end section errors, shims should be adjusted, the brake plate should be connected to the crane beam using bolts, then fixed by welding, and finally, the weld area should be cleaned.

2) Stacking Issues

In the construction of steel structure industrial factories, reasonably stacking components helps improve factory quality. The operational process is: Rationally design the hoisting sequence, clarify the hoisting approach, place the components that need to be hoisted later outside the factory, and assign dedicated personnel for management. For H-section steel components, unless there are special circumstances, they should always be stored upright.